{"id":1244,"date":"2024-01-09T16:43:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T21:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/?page_id=1244"},"modified":"2024-02-28T17:43:43","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T22:43:43","slug":"21-juillet-1871","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/21-juillet-1871\/","title":{"rendered":"July 21, 1871"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-border-color is-vertical is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-96eab88b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#a6f5b0;border-width:65px;border-radius:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1\">The Question of School Rights and Acadian Political Awakening<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-38cd910e\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"_3d-flip-book  fb3d-fullscreen-mode full-size\" data-id=\"1247\" data-mode=\"fullscreen\" data-title=\"false\" data-template=\"short-white-book-view\" data-lightbox=\"dark-shadow\" data-urlparam=\"fb3d-page\" data-page-n=\"0\" data-pdf=\"\" data-tax=\"null\" data-thumbnail=\"\" data-cols=\"3\" data-book-template=\"default\" data-trigger=\"\"><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\">window.FB3D_CLIENT_DATA = window.FB3D_CLIENT_DATA || 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&& FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render && FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render();<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:65%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:20px\">This petition is one of 24 submitted in April 1871 to oppose the new Education Act passed in New Brunswick. It bore witness to the issues that tore the province apart from 1871 to 1875, during what was the first of many \u201ceducation crises\u201d to affect French-speaking minority communities in Canada.<br><br>Prior to its entry into Canadian Confederation in 1867, the colony of New Brunswick had no formal school system. Schools did exist, but they were local, organized by groups of parents with the support of parishes or local churches. Parents had to pay for their children\u2019s tuition, but the province did provide occasional grants to subsidize costs.<br><br>When the new province decided to create a coherent school system around 1870, it found two models in other provinces. On the one hand, Ontario and Nova Scotia had each established, in 1846 and 1864 respectively, a single network of \u201ccommon schools\u201d \u2013 that is, schools unaffiliated with any religious denomination. Only these schools were eligible for state subsidies. On the other hand, Quebec had seen the development of a denominational educational system in which the Protestant minority was entitled to separate schools and its own school trustees.<br><br>The British North America Act (BNAA), which founded Canada in 1867, extended the \u201cseparate schools\u201d principle to Ontario, offering constitutional protection to Catholic schools in that province. However, the wording adopted meant that no such recognition was granted to Catholics in the Maritime provinces.<br><br>With its Common Schools Act of 1871, the New Brunswick government of George King opted for the non-denominational model. Yet there existed a sizeable Catholic minority in the province, one made up of Acadian and Irish communities.<br><br>The petition presented here testifies to this minority\u2019s strong opposition. Also, it demonstrates that these communities, despite their relative isolation from political life, had spokespersons who were well aware of the education sections of the BNA Act. This was why they were calling on the federal government to stand up for the minority and disavow the new provincial law.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background-color has-primary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2 is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);flex-basis:35%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Title of the document :<\/strong> P\u00e9tition des catholiques du comt\u00e9 de Westmorland au gouverneur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral \u2013 loi sur les \u00e9coles communes du Nouveau-Brunswick de 1871<br><br><strong>Date : <\/strong>July 21, 1871<br><br><strong>Reference : <\/strong>This petition is reproduced in Ga\u00e9tan Migneault, \u201cLe Canada fran\u00e7ais et la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration: Les Acadiens du Nouveau-Brunswick,\u201d in Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Caron and Marcel Martel (eds.), <em>Le Canada fran\u00e7ais et la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration : Fondements et bilan critique<\/em>(Qu\u00e9bec: Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, 2016) : 23-25. This petition is included in the anthology with the permission of the Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>To learn more about this topic:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Online<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/fr\/article\/ecoles-du-nouveau-brunswick-question-des\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lambert, Maude-Emmanuelle, et Lorraine Snyder. \u00ab&nbsp;Question des \u00e9coles du Nouveau-Brunswick&nbsp;\u00bb, <em>The Canadian Encyclopedia<\/em>.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Printed sources<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Martel, Marcel and Martin P\u00e2quet. <em>Speaking Up: A History of Language and Politics in Canada and Quebec<\/em> (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2012).<br><br>Migneault, Ga\u00e9tan. \u00ab Le Canada fran\u00e7ais et la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration. Les Acadiens du Nouveau- Brunswick \u00bb, dans Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Caron et Marcel Martel (dir.),<em> Le Canada&nbsp;fran\u00e7ais et la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration. Fondements et bilan critique,<\/em> Qu\u00e9bec, Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Laval, 2016, p. 9-28.<br><br>Migneault, Ga\u00e9tan. <em>La crise scolaire de 1871 \u00e0 1875 au Nouveau-Brunswick. Un produit&nbsp; de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration,<\/em> Fredericton (N.-B.), \u00c9ditions du BeauBassin, 2013.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-f7b87a2a\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1867-1927\/\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1867-1927<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1928-1967\/\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1928-1967<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1968-1982\/\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1968-1982<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1983-2022\/\" style=\"border-style:none;border-width:0px;border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1983-2022<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La question des droits scolaires et l\u2019\u00e9veil politique acadien Voici l\u2019une des 24&nbsp;p\u00e9titions d\u00e9pos\u00e9es en avril 1871 pour s\u2019opposer \u00e0 la nouvelle loi sur l\u2019\u00e9ducation adopt\u00e9e au Nouveau-Brunswick. Elle t\u00e9moigne bien des enjeux qui d\u00e9chirent cette province de 1871 \u00e0 1875, pendant la premi\u00e8re des nombreuses \u00ab&nbsp;crises scolaires&nbsp;\u00bb qui ont touch\u00e9 les minorit\u00e9s francophones du [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60472210,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1244","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/Pfdu74-k4","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60472210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1244"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2141,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1244\/revisions\/2141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}