{"id":1541,"date":"2024-02-19T17:04:12","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T22:04:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/?page_id=1541"},"modified":"2024-02-28T18:12:19","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T23:12:19","slug":"16-juillet-1916","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/16-juillet-1916\/","title":{"rendered":"July 16, 1916"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-border-color is-vertical is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-96eab88b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#a6f5b0;border-width:65px;border-radius:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1\">Defending the French Language<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-38cd910e\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div 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&& FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render && FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render();<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:65%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"font-size:20px\">In 1890, the Manitoba government abolished French as one of the province\u2019s official languages and created a single school system, in which no religious instruction was permitted. Yet, French-speaking and M\u00e9tis communities in the province had always relied on Catholic schools to transmit their language and culture.<br><br>These decisions by the Manitoba government provoked a national crisis. In November 1896, the federal government of Wilfrid Laurier and the Manitoba government of Thomas Greenway negotiated a compromise that allowed Catholicism to be taught for thirty minutes a day in schools attended by Catholics. French, however, was not re-established as an official language.<br><br>A further setback for French-speaking Manitobans occurred on March 10, 1916. Liberal Premier Tobias Crawford Norris banned all education in languages other than English.<br><br>This action left the French-speaking community in a state of turmoil. Its leaders called for unity. The struggle provoked friction between French Canadians and M\u00e9tis. The latter favoured the founding of the <em>Association d\u2019\u00e9ducation canadienne-fran\u00e7aise du Manitoba<\/em> (AECFM) to fight for French as a language of instruction. However, many M\u00e9tis abandoned this organization.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0;flex-basis:65%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"font-size:20px\">This schism followed the decision of St. Boniface MLA Joseph Pierre Dumas to sue the provincial government. Dumas, who was of M\u00e9tis descent, believed the provincial government was required to respect the treaty negotiated by the M\u00e9tis in 1870, an agreement which led to the creation of Manitoba as a bilingual province (see \u201cWe, the M\u00e9tis\u201d). The AECFM condemned Dumas\u2019 action because it did not want to \u201ctake advantage of the treaties.\u201d<br><br>For the M\u00e9tis, the AECFM\u2019s attitude was a betrayal since the organization refused to fight for recognition of French as an official language. Participants at the July 16, 1916, meeting reiterated their moral, political, and historical obligations as members of the M\u00e9tis nation. Consequently, they supported MLA Dumas\u2019 initiative to \u201crestore the officiality of the French language\u201d in Manitoba. They distanced themselves from the AECFM because of its lukewarm stance on language rights and favoured the creation of a M\u00e9tis \u201cnational committee.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"703\" data-attachment-id=\"97\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/lilly-footer\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?fit=2048%2C703&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2048,703\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"lilly-footer\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?fit=1024%2C352&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?resize=2048%2C703&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-97\" style=\"width:309px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background-color has-primary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2 is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);flex-basis:35%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Title of the document :<\/strong> Assembl\u00e9e d\u2019un groupe de M\u00e9tis de St. Vital et des environs pour discuter et \u00e9tudier les questions touchant les int\u00e9r\u00eats m\u00e9tis<br><br><strong>Date : <\/strong>July 16, 1916<br><br><strong>Reference : <\/strong>Centre du patrimoine, Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 historique de Saint-Boniface, UNMSJM<strong>&nbsp; <\/strong>0003-1093-596.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>To learn more about this topic:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Online<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/fr\/article\/ecoles-du-manitoba-question-des#:~:text=La%20crise%20des%20%C3%A9coles%20manitobaines,d'un%20syst%C3%A8me%20scolaire%20dualiste\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Verrette, Michel. \u00ab\u202fQuestion des \u00e9coles du Manitoba\u202f\u00bb, L\u2019Encyclop\u00e9die canadienne.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Printed sources&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab\u202fCette action\u202f\u00bb, <em>La Libert\u00e9<\/em>, 21\u202fjuin 1916, p.\u202f1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab\u202fEncore cette action\u202f\u00bb, <em>La Libert\u00e9<\/em>, 28\u202fjuin 1916, p.\u202f7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Martel, Marcel and Martin P\u00e2quet. <em>Speaking Up: A History of Language and Politics in Canada and Quebec<\/em>. (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2012).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Painchaud, Robert. <em>Un r\u00eave fran\u00e7ais dans le peuplement de la Prairie, Saint-Boniface, \u00c9ditions des Plaines<\/em>, 1986.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-f7b87a2a\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1867-1927\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1867-1927<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1928-1967\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1928-1967<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1968-1982\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1968-1982<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1983-2022\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1983-2022<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c0 la d\u00e9fense de la langue fran\u00e7aise En 1890, le gouvernement du Manitoba abolit le fran\u00e7ais comme langue officielle de la province et cr\u00e9e un syst\u00e8me scolaire unique, dans lequel aucun enseignement religieux n\u2019est autoris\u00e9. Or les communaut\u00e9s francophones et m\u00e9tisses comptaient sur les \u00e9coles catholiques pour transmettre leur langue et leur culture.&nbsp; Ces d\u00e9cisions [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60472210,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1541","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/Pfdu74-oR","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1541","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60472210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1541"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1541\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2153,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1541\/revisions\/2153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1541"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}