{"id":264,"date":"2023-10-20T10:56:01","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T14:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/?page_id=264"},"modified":"2024-02-28T18:17:29","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T23:17:29","slug":"21-octobre-1938","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/21-octobre-1938\/","title":{"rendered":"October 21, 1938"},"content":{"rendered":"
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The Marching Orders of the Ordre de Jacques Cartier<\/em> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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The Ordre de Jacques Cartier<\/em> (OJC), a secret society, sought to unite the political, religious, and nationalist leaders of French Canada. Founded in Ottawa in 1927, the OJC became a forum for reflection and coordination of political action by French-Canadian organizations. It played this role until its dissolution in 1965. However, secrecy around the organization\u2019s activities makes it difficult to assess its effectiveness and, above all, its influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Members kept their affiliation with the OJC a secret, even from those close to them. The organization therefore had no presence in the public arena. Instead, the OJC acted through associations such as the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9s Saint-Jean-Baptiste<\/em>, provincial education associations, and, in the Maritimes, the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 nationale L\u2019Assomption<\/em>. The OJC regularly issued \u201cmots d\u2019ordre\u201d (marching orders) urging these organizations to take action and demand respect for the linguistic and cultural rights of the country\u2019s francophones, using similar arguments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The OJC regularly urged French Canadians to demand services in French, or advocated for the hiring of bilingual civil servants, as the document on the Lacroix Bill reveals. It guided the drafting of briefs submitted by various French-Canadian organizations to federal royal commissions initiated between 1930 and 1965, including the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism.

The OJC also spearheaded battles on specific issues. For example, it took credit for the success of the campaign to force the federal government to issue bilingual cheques in 1953, and for the initiative to remove the word \u201cCanadian\u201d as one of the possible answers to the question of ethnic origin in the 1961 census.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These symbolic victories were insufficient, however, for a growing number of nationalists from the 1960s onwards. The OJC struggled to retain its members and recruit new ones. The domination of the organization by Ottawa\u2019s French-speaking elite, despite the fact that more than two-thirds of its members were from Quebec, became a source of tension. Disagreement over the OJC\u2019s ideological orientations in the context of transformations in nationalist thought and the rise of forces for Quebec independence led to the organization\u2019s demise in 1965.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Title of the document<\/strong> <\/strong>: \u00ab Sujet : Loi Lacroix \u00bb, Circulaire de l\u2019Ordre-de-Jacques-Cartier, 2 p.

Date : <\/strong>October 21, 1938

Reference:<\/strong>: Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Ottawa, Centre de recherche sur les francophonies canadiennes (CRCCF), Fonds Ordre de Jacques Cartier, C3\/20\/8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To learn more about this topic:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Documentary<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comeau, Phil. L\u2019ordre secret, National Film Board, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Printed sources<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cyr, Roger. La Patente. Tous les secrets de la \u00abma\u00e7onnerie\u00bb canadienne-fran\u00e7aise. L’Ordre de Jacques-Cartier<\/em>. Montr\u00e9al, \u00c9ditions du Jour, 1964.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lafrance, F\u00e9lix. \u00ab Les \u00c9tats f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois entre 1940 et 1962. Une sensibilisation croissante \u00e0 la donne linguistique. \u00bb Bulletin d’histoire politique<\/em>, volume 19, num\u00e9ro 3, printemps 2011, p. 111\u2013136.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lalibert\u00e9, G.-Raymond. Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 secr\u00e8te: l’Ordre de Jacques Cartier<\/em>. Montr\u00e9al, Hurtubise HMH, 1983.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Martel, Marcel. Le deuil d’un pays imagin\u00e9. R\u00eaves, luttes et d\u00e9route du Canada fran\u00e7ais. Les relations entre le Qu\u00e9bec et la francophonie canadienne, 1867-1975<\/em>. Ottawa, Les Presses de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Ottawa, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robillard, Denise. L\u2019Ordre de Jacques Cartier. Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 secr\u00e8te pour les Canadiens fran\u00e7ais catholiques, 1926-1965<\/em>. Montr\u00e9al, Fides, 2009.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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1867-1927<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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1928-1967<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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1968-1982<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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1983-2022<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les mots d\u2019ordre de l\u2019Ordre de Jacques Cartier  L\u2019Ordre de Jacques Cartier (OJC), une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 secr\u00e8te, ambitionne de regrouper les dirigeants politiques, religieux et nationalistes du Canada fran\u00e7ais. Cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 Ottawa en 1927, l\u2019OJC devient le lieu de r\u00e9flexion et de coordination de l\u2019action politique des organismes canadiens-fran\u00e7ais. Il joue ce r\u00f4le jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa dissolution […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60472210,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-264","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/Pfdu74-4g","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/264","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60472210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=264"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/264\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2160,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/264\/revisions\/2160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=264"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}