{"id":534,"date":"2023-11-24T11:42:32","date_gmt":"2023-11-24T16:42:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/?page_id=534"},"modified":"2024-02-28T18:37:25","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T23:37:25","slug":"1977-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1977-2\/","title":{"rendered":"1977"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull has-border-color is-vertical is-content-justification-center is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-96eab88b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"border-color:#a6f5b0;border-width:65px;border-radius:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 translation-block\">The Heirs of Lord Durham:<br>Making the Voice of Canada\u2019s Francophonie Heard<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer 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&& FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render && FB3D_CLIENT_LOCALE.render();<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:20px\">Established in 1975, the <em>F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des francophones hors Qu\u00e9bec<\/em> (FFHQ) brought together nine provincial associations promoting the rights of French-speaking minority communities. Its founding marked a turning point. For the first time, francophone minority groups had an organization that was exclusive to them and did not include any representatives from Quebec. In creating the FFHQ, French-speaking minority groups asserted themselves. They recognized that they had to have their own political voice, and wanted to ensure that Quebec did not remain the sole spokesperson for the Francophonie of Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"font-size:20px\">The publication of <em>Les H\u00e9ritiers de Lord Durham<\/em> (The Heirs of Lord Durham: Manifesto of a Vanishing People) bore witness to this desire to speak out. The FFHQ pointed out that the election of the Parti Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois in Quebec in November 1976 meant that \u201cQuebec did not vote for independence.\u201d \u201cQuebec has calmly decided, by democratic vote, to put in power a party which now represents all the regions of Quebec and whose platform included plans for a public referendum to take place after an extensive information program which would permit all interested parties to defend their points of views.\u201d In this new political context, FFHQ members had the \u201cfirm intention to enter the debate with all the strength of our one million people, and to make our fundamental aspirations clearly known to the entire country\u201d (<em>The Heirs of Lord Durham<\/em>, p. 17).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\" style=\"font-size:20px\">The portrait painted by French-speaking minority groups in this document was extremely disturbing. Rates of linguistic assimilation were too high. When French-speaking immigrants came to Canada, the majority settled in Quebec. New Brunswick\u2019s Official Languages Act had no equivalent in other predominantly English-speaking provinces. The educational level of French-speaking minorities was below the Canadian average, partly because French was still not the language of instruction in the majority of schools attended by francophones.<br><br>Given this picture, it was hardly surprising that the manifesto concluded: \u201cThe general situation of Francophones outside Quebec is precarious. Not only is the survival of their culture in jeopardy, but their socioeconomic situation is dangerously deficient\u201d (<em>The Heirs of Lord Durham<\/em>, p. 37).<br><br>Nevertheless, the FFHQ opted for action: to assert the rights of francophones. In the looming battle between Quebec and Canada over the future of the country, the FFHQ wanted to achieve gains in school governance, recognition of language rights, and equality between French and English speakers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"703\" data-attachment-id=\"97\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/lilly-footer\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?fit=2048%2C703&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2048,703\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"lilly-footer\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?fit=1024%2C352&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/parolefranco.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/lilly-footer.png?resize=2048%2C703&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-97\" style=\"width:233px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-background-color has-primary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-2 is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);flex-basis:20%\">\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Title of the document :<\/strong> Manifesto<br><br><strong>Date : <\/strong>1977<br><br><strong>Reference : <\/strong><em>The Heirs of Lord Durham<\/em> Manifesto of a Vanishing People (Ottawa: F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des francophones hors Qu\u00e9bec, vol. 1): 11-13, reproduced with permission of the F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des communaut\u00e9s francophones et acadienne du Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>To learn more about this topic:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Online<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca\/fr\/article\/federation-des-communautes-francophones-et-acadienne-du-canada\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dupuis, Serge. \u201cF\u00e9d\u00e9ration des communaut\u00e9s francophones et acadienne du Canada,\u201d <em>The Canadian Encyclopedia<\/em>, August 12, 2019.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Printed sources<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Gaulin, Andr\u00e9. Compte rendu du livre <em>Les H\u00e9ritiers de Lord Durham<\/em>, Ottawa, F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des francophones hors Qu\u00e9bec, 1977, 2 tomes, <em>Qu\u00e9bec fran\u00e7ais<\/em>, no 27, octobre 1977, p. 49.<br><br><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.erudit.org\/fr\/revues\/fa\/1999-n9-fa1808597\/1004968ar\/\">Martel, Marcel. \u00ab&nbsp;Les politiques gouvernementales f\u00e9d\u00e9rale et qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des minorit\u00e9s francophones du Canada, 1960-1980 \u00bb, <em>Francophonies d\u2019Am\u00e9rique<\/em>, vol. 9 (1999), p. 199-208.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px;width:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer wp-container-content-f7b87a2a\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1867-1927\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1867-1927<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1928-1967\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1928-1967<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1968-1982\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1968-1982<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button has-custom-width wp-block-button__width-100\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/1983-2022\/\" style=\"border-radius:10px;background-color:#a57d54\">1983-2022<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les H\u00e9ritiers de lord Durham&nbsp;:faire entendre la voix de la francophonie canadienne Cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1975, la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des francophones hors Qu\u00e9bec (FFHQ) regroupe les neuf associations provinciales de promotion des droits des francophones en situation minoritaire. Sa fondation marque un tournant. C\u2019est la premi\u00e8re fois que les francophones en situation minoritaire se dotent d\u2019un organisme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60472210,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-534","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/Pfdu74-8C","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60472210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=534"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2198,"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/534\/revisions\/2198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parolefranco.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}