1867-1927


Francophone minority communities protested against government decisions limiting the use of the French language, particularly in schools. These groups asserted themselves and created organizations to represent them. Women and men demanded the right to live in French, while the Anglo-Canadian majority favoured unilingual English and scorned the rights of the Métis.

Demanding Publication of Parliamentary Proceedings in French, 1867 
Towards an Acadian “Renaissance,” 1867
We, the Métis, 1870 
The Question of School Rights and Acadian Political Awakening, 1871 
Acadia Asserted Itself as a “Nationality,” 1881
Speaking up: Franco-Ontarians Meet in Ottawa, 1910
Making a Nation, 1910 
A Lucky Star to Face Risks and Misfortunes in the Industrial Age, 1910
The Migration of the French-Canadian Diaspora from the United States to Alberta, 1910
Defending the French language, 1916
Now It’s Time to Get Along: The “Bonne Entente” Club, 1920
Bilingualism as a Solution to the Crisis Caused by Regulation 17, 1927
English (Canada)